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What is Ciprofloxacin?
- Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone belongs to Quinolone antibiotics group of drugs. The quinolones are a family of broad-spectrum antibiotics. The parent of the group is nalidixic acid. The majority of quinolones in clinical use belong to fluoroquinolones, which have a fluoro group attached the central ring system, typically at the 6-position.
- Ciprofloxacin is bactericidal. Ciprofloxacin antibiotic is used for treating bacterial infections of the skin, lungs, airways, bones, and joints, caused by susceptible bacteria. Ciprofloxacin is used frequently for treating lower respiratory tract infections (such as pneumonia and acute bronchitis), several STDs, skin and soft tissue infections, septicemia, legionellosis, urinary infections, caused by bacteria such as E. coli, is also effective in treating infectious diarrheas, caused by E. coli, campylobacter jejuni, and shigella bacteria. It may also be used to prevent or slow anthrax after exposure. Ciprofloxacin may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide. Ciprofloxacin is widely known by brand names Cipro, Ciproxin and Ciprobay all contains Ciprofloxacin as active drug.
- Ciprofloxacin may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Is generic Ciprofloxacin is as effective as the brand name drug?
Yes, since the generic drugs are manufactured by using the same process, same chemical and under tough and close examination and further inspection by US FDA as the branded drugs, the difference between branded and generic drugs Click here for more information
Generic Name: Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride
Available As: Ciprofloxacin 100mg, Ciprofloxacin 250mg, Ciprofloxacin 500mg, Ciprofloxacin 750mg, Ciprofloxacin XR 1000mg (1gm). (XR: SUSTAINED RELEASE - ORAL (Cipro XR)
Ciprofloxacin Drug Class and Mechanism
Ciprofloxacin mode of action depends upon blocking bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase, thereby inhibiting the unwinding of bacterial chromosomal DNA during and after the replication. Many common infections in humans are caused by single cell organisms, called bacteria. Bacteria can grow and multiply, infecting different parts of the body. Medicines that control and eradicate these bacteria are called antibiotics. Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic that stops multiplication of bacteria by inhibiting the reproduction and repair of their genetic material (DNA).
Before using Ciprofloxacin :
- Some medical conditions may interact with Ciprofloxacin. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:
- if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances
- if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement
- if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding
- if you have heart problems or a history of irregular heartbeat, low blood potassium levels, Alzheimer disease, a brain or nervous system disorder, a problem with the blood vessels in your brain, diarrhea, a stomach infection, liver problems, kidney problems, increased pressure in your brain, seizures, inflammation of your tendons, joint problems, or skin sensitivity to the sun
Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Ciprofloxacin . Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:
- Hydantoins (eg, phenytoin) because their effectiveness may be increased or decreased by Ciprofloxacin
- Antiarrhythmics (eg, amiodarone, disopyramide, dofetilide, quinidine), arsenic, cisapride, droperidol, H1 antagonists (eg, astemizole, terfenadine), haloperidol, imidazole antifungals (eg, fluconazole), macrolide or ketolide antibiotics (eg, erythromycin, telithromycin), phenothiazines (eg, chlorpromazine), pimozide, serotonin receptor antagonist antiemetics (eg, dolasetron), or ziprasidone because the risk of serious side effects, including irregular heartbeat and other heart problems, may be increased
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (eg, ibuprofen) because the risk of side effects, such as seizures, may be increased
- Anticoagulants (eg, warfarin), caffeine, cyclosporine, methotrexate, sulfonylureas (eg, glyburide), tizanidine, or xanthines (eg, theophylline) because their actions and the risk of their side effects may be increased by Ciprofloxacin
- Probenecid because it may increase the actions and the risk of Ciprofloxacin 's side effects
- Corticosteroids (eg, prednisone) because the risk of tendon damage may be increased
- This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Ciprofloxacin may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.
Ciprofloxacin dosages?
- Take Ciprofloxacin (Cipro, Ciproxin and Ciprobay) exactly as it was prescribed for you.
- Do not take it in larger doses or for longer than recommended by your doctor.
- Take each dose with a full glass of water (8 ounces).
- Drink several extra glasses of fluid each day while you are taking ciprofloxacin. Shake the oral suspension (liquid) for at least 15 seconds just before you measure a dose.
- To be sure you get the correct dose, measure the liquid with a marked measuring spoon or medicine cup, not with a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.
- When taking the oral liquid, swallow it without chewing the medicine beads you may notice in the liquid.
- Do not crush, chew or break the extended-release tablet. Swallow the pill whole.
- Cipro XR is specially made to release medicine slowly in the body. Breaking the pill would cause too much of the drug to be released at one time.
- Ciprofloxacin may be taken with or without food, but take it at the same time each day.
- Do not take ciprofloxacin with dairy products such as milk or yogurt, or with calcium-fortified juice.
- You may eat or drink these products as part of a regular meal, but do not use them alone when taking ciprofloxacin. They could make the medication less effective.
- Take this medication for as many days as it has been prescribed for you even if you begin to feel better.
- Your symptoms may get better before the infection is completely treated.
- Ciprofloxacin will not treat a viral infection such as the common cold or flu.
- Store ciprofloxacin at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
- Do not allow the liquid medicine to freeze.
- Ciprofloxacin may be taken with or without food.
- Ciprofloxacin is partially metabolized by the liver and excreted by the kidney. Dosages require adjustment in patients with severely abnormal liver or kidney function.
- Antacids block the absorption of ciprofloxacin and they should not be taken together.
- For uncomplicated urinary tract infections, Cipro can be given twice daily for three days while Proquin XR can be given once daily for three days.
Do NOT use Ciprofloxacin if:
- You are allergic to any ingredient in Ciprofloxacin or to any other fluoroquinolone (eg, levofloxacin)
- You are taking cisapride or tizanidine
- Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.
What happens if I miss a dose of Ciprofloxacin?
- Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medicine at the next regularly scheduled time.
- Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
What happens if I overdose Ciprofloxacin medication?
- Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine.
- Overdose symptoms may include seizures, urination problems, weakness, or blue lips with pale skin.
Ciprofloxacin side effects
Stop using ciprofloxacin and get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using ciprofloxacin and call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:
- seizure (black-out or convulsions);
- confusion, hallucinations, depression, or thoughts of hurting yourself or others;
- sudden pain or swelling near your joints (especially in your arm or ankle);
- nausea, stomach pain, low fever, lost appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes);
- diarrhea that is watery or bloody;
- urinating more or less than usual;
- numbness, tingling, or unusual pain anywhere in your body; or
- chest pain, pounding or fast heartbeats.
Other less serious side effects of ciprofloxacin drug are more likely to occur, such as:
- nausea, vomiting;
- dizziness or drowsiness;
- blurred vision;
- sleep problems (insomnia);
- joint stiffness or muscle pain; or
- increased sensitivity of the skin to sunlight.
- Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome.
- What other drugs will affect ciprofloxacin?
- Do not use ciprofloxacin if you are also taking tizanidine (Zanaflex).
Before taking ciprofloxacin, tell your doctor if you are taking any of the following drugs:
- didanosine (Videx, ddI);
- theophylline (Theo-Dur, Theolair, Slo-Phyllin, Slo-Bid, Elixophyllin);
- warfarin (Coumadin);
- probenecid (Benemid);
- insulin or an oral diabetes medication such as glipizide (Glucotrol), glyburide (Micronase, Diabeta, Glynase), and others;
- a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) such as ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil, Nuprin, others), naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn, Anaprox), ketoprofen (Orudis KT, Orudis, Oruvail), and others;
- phenytoin (Dilantin); or
- cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune).
- This list is not complete and there may be other drugs that can interact with ciprofloxacin. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors.
- Do not start ciprofloxacin medication using a new medication without telling your doctor.
Ciprofloxacin Contraindications
- Concomitant administration with tizanidine is contraindicated.
- Ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in persons with a history of hypersensitivity to Ciprofloxacin, any member of the quinolone class of antimicrobial agents, or any of the product components.
Avoid the while taking Ciprofloxacin (Cipro, Ciproxin and Ciprobay)?
- Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight, sunlamps, or tanning beds. Cipro make your skin more sensitive to sunlight, and a sunburn may result. Wear protective clothing and use a sunscreen if you must be out in the sun. Call your doctor if you have severe burning, redness, itching, rash, or swelling after being in the sun.
- Avoid caffeine while you are taking Cipro, because the medication can make the effects of caffeine stronger.
- Antibiotic medicines can cause diarrhea, which may be a sign of a new infection. If you have diarrhea that is watery or has blood in it, call your doctor. Do not use any medicine to stop the diarrhea unless your doctor has told you to.
- Ciprofloxacin can cause side effects that may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be awake and alert.
Where can I get more information on prescription drug Ciprofloxacin?
- Your pharmacist can provide more information about ciprofloxacin.
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